Article
Анализ влияния системы учета на финансовое состояние организации (на примере основных средств)
The authors of this article compare the principles of financial (accounting) statements and its qualitative characteristics, provided by international and local accounting standards, assess their effect on the financial condition of the organization.
Reforming the Russian accounting system in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards has necessitated the use of Russian organizations of professional judgment. The article examines the impact of professional judgment on the financial indicators of companies.
Credit rating agencies evaluate corporate risks and assign ratings to companies. Each rating grade corresponds to certain boundaries of default probability. KMV is a popular model to assess the default probability of a company. In this paper, a method to predict the default probability of a company is proposed. This method is based on the main concept of the KMV model; however, financial statements are applied instead of stock prices, i.e. time-series of EBIT (earnings before interest and taxes), net debt, sales, and the last year value of WACC (weighted average cost of capital). Default probabilities for 150 companies are evaluated. Results and limitations are discussed.
Business Enlish practice tasks and texts for the development and mastering of Business English Vocabulary.
The paper examines the structure, governance, and balance sheets of state-controlled banks in Russia, which accounted for over 55 percent of the total assets in the country's banking system in early 2012. The author offers a credible estimate of the size of the country's state banking sector by including banks that are indirectly owned by public organizations. Contrary to some predictions based on the theoretical literature on economic transition, he explains the relatively high profitability and efficiency of Russian state-controlled banks by pointing to their competitive position in such functions as acquisition and disposal of assets on behalf of the government. Also suggested in the paper is a different way of looking at market concentration in Russia (by consolidating the market shares of core state-controlled banks), which produces a picture of a more concentrated market than officially reported. Lastly, one of the author's interesting conclusions is that China provides a better benchmark than the formerly centrally planned economies of Central and Eastern Europe by which to assess the viability of state ownership of banks in Russia and to evaluate the country's banking sector.
The paper examines the principles for the supervision of financial conglomerates proposed by BCBS in the consultative document published in December 2011. Moreover, the article proposes a number of suggestions worked out by the authors within the HSE research team.