Article
От ремесла к институту: эволюция бухгалтерского учета в Италии от Средневековья до Нового времени
The article describes the evolution of the accounting knowledge from the simple registration technique to economic and social institution, in medieval Italy. It is shown that the institutionalization of accounting was completed to the XIV century, when it became a system of codified technical standards, scholar discipline and professional field. Examined the interrelations of this process with a business environment, political, social, economic and cultural factors of Italy by the XII-XVI centuries.
In the article the most significant milestones in the development of accounting thought in Italy are considered in terms of the formation of the modern concept of management accounting (MA). The core content of the Italian accounting school authors since the early Renaissance to the mid-twentieth century is compared with modern interpretations of the subject area and methodology of MA. In the theories and attitudes of theorists and practitioners highlighted the key elements relevant to MA objectives, functions, approaches. It is shown that the holistic nature of Italian theories leads to the interpretation of accounting as the general managerial science.
Collection of articles dedicated to the activities of the outstanding French historian E. Le Roy Ladurie. The various aspects of his multifaceted work: historical anthropology, the history of climate, cliometrics, economic history, history of the peasantry, visual anthropology, etc., and especially the perception of his work by the teaching community of different countries.
This article consists of a series of short essays dedicated to a certain chapter of the 'popular' socioeconomic history (with a particular focus on the institutional development problems) of the former East Prussia from the Antiquity to present days. The authors tackle the issues of the economic history of amber, the role of the Hanse in the development of medieval trade, the QWERTY-effects in rail rack standards, and the peculiarities of the development of the Kaliningrad region in the post-Soviet period.
This paper describes the experience of the application of the design approach which is used in the HSE - Nizhny Novgorod in the teaching of accounting (financial) accounting, auditing, economic analysis. The stages of a complex project, as benefits of this approach and the problems that arise.
This paper analyses from a financial perspective one of the most controversial of company assets, namely goodwill. The controversial nature of goodwill lies not only in its definition but also in its evaluation and accounting disclosure, giving rise in recent years to an important line of research centred on impact of goodwill on company performance.
The paper has a two-fold objective: First, to compare international and national standards of accounting of goodwill, to work out a number of suggestions for unification and optimising of accounting methods; and secondly to evaluate the impact of goodwill from the perspective of company value. The comparison focuses on the advantages and potential complexities of international standards highlighting the many problems and ambiguities that will arise in the application of those rules for Russia. On the other hand, we underline that both the acquired and the generated goodwill influence the value of a company and unifiacation of accounting methods is inevitable.
The paper analyzes the main problems of reforming the Russian system of accounting in accordance with IFRS, formulated the basic proposals for improving the process.
Smoking is a problem, bringing signifi cant social and economic costs to Russiansociety. However, ratifi cation of the World health organization Framework conventionon tobacco control makes it possible to improve Russian legislation accordingto the international standards. So, I describe some measures that should be taken bythe Russian authorities in the nearest future, and I examine their effi ciency. By studyingthe international evidence I analyze the impact of the smoke-free areas, advertisementand sponsorship bans, tax increases, etc. on the prevalence of smoking, cigaretteconsumption and some other indicators. I also investigate the obstacles confrontingthe Russian authorities when they introduce new policy measures and the public attitudetowards these measures. I conclude that there is a number of easy-to-implementanti-smoking activities that need no fi nancial resources but only a political will.
One of the most important indicators of company's success is the increase of its value. The article investigates traditional methods of company's value assessment and the evidence that the application of these methods is incorrect in the new stage of economy. So it is necessary to create a new method of valuation based on the new main sources of company's success that is its intellectual capital.