Article
Study of Υ production in 𝑝Pb collisions at 𝑠𝑁𝑁‾‾‾‾√=8.16 TeV
The production of ϒ(nS) mesons (n = 1, 2, 3) in pPb and Pbp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair 𝑠NN‾‾‾‾√=8.16sNN=8.16 TeV is measured by the LHCb experiment, using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 31.8 nb−1−1. The ϒ(nS) mesons are reconstructed through their decays into two opposite-sign muons. The measurements comprise the differential production cross-sections of the ϒ(1S) and ϒ(2S) states, their forward-to-backward ratios and nuclear modification factors. The measurements are performed as a function of the transverse momentum p𝑇T and rapidity in the nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass frame y∗∗ of the ϒ(nS) states, in the kinematic range p𝑇T < 25 GeV/c and 1.5 < y∗∗ < 4.0 (−5.0 < y∗∗ < −2.5) for pPb (Pbp) collisions. In addition, production cross-sections for ϒ(3S) are measured integrated over phase space and the production ratios between all three ϒ(nS) states are determined. Suppression for bottomonium in proton-lead collisions is observed, which is particularly visible in the ratios. The results are compared to theoretical models.
The cross section for prompt antiproton production in collisions of protons with an energy of 6.5 TeV incident on helium nuclei at rest is measured with the LHCb experiment from a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.5 nb-1. The target is provided by injecting helium gas into the LHC beam line at the LHCb interaction point. The reported results, covering antiproton momenta between 12 and 110 GeV/c, represent the first direct determination of the antiproton production cross section in p-He collisions, and impact the interpretation of recent results on antiproton cosmic rays from space-borne experiments.
The 𝐵0𝑠⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯→𝜒𝑐2𝐾+𝐾−Bs0¯→χc2K+K− decay mode is observed and its branching fraction relative to the corresponding 𝜒𝑐1χc1decay mode, in a ±15MeV/𝑐2±15MeV/c2 window around the 𝜙ϕ mass, is found to be (𝐵0𝑠⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯→𝜒𝑐2𝐾+𝐾−)(𝐵0𝑠⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯→𝜒𝑐1𝐾+𝐾−)=(17.1±3.1±0.4±0.9)%,B(Bs0¯→χc2K+K−)B(Bs0¯→χc1K+K−)=(17.1±3.1±0.4±0.9)%, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third due to the knowledge of the branching fractions of radiative 𝜒𝑐χc decays. The decay mode 𝐵0𝑠⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯→𝜒𝑐1𝐾+𝐾−Bs0¯→χc1K+K− allows the 𝐵0𝑠Bs0 mass to be measured as 𝑚(𝐵0𝑠)=5366.83±0.25±0.27MeV/𝑐2,m(Bs0)=5366.83±0.25±0.27MeV/c2,where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. A combination of this result with other LHCb determinations of the 𝐵0𝑠Bs0 mass is made.
A search is presented for a Higgs-like boson with mass in the range 45 to 195 GeV/𝑐2GeV/c2 decaying into a muon and a tau lepton. The dataset consists of proton-proton interactions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV TeV , collected by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2 fb −1 fb −1 . The tau leptons are reconstructed in both leptonic and hadronic decay channels. An upper limit on the production cross-section multiplied by the branching fraction at 95% confidence level is set and ranges from 22 pbpb for a boson mass of 45 GeV/𝑐2GeV/c2 to 4 pbpb for a mass of 195 GeV/𝑐2GeV/c2 .
A model for organizing cargo transportation between two node stations connected by a railway line which contains a certain number of intermediate stations is considered. The movement of cargo is in one direction. Such a situation may occur, for example, if one of the node stations is located in a region which produce raw material for manufacturing industry located in another region, and there is another node station. The organization of freight traffic is performed by means of a number of technologies. These technologies determine the rules for taking on cargo at the initial node station, the rules of interaction between neighboring stations, as well as the rule of distribution of cargo to the final node stations. The process of cargo transportation is followed by the set rule of control. For such a model, one must determine possible modes of cargo transportation and describe their properties. This model is described by a finite-dimensional system of differential equations with nonlocal linear restrictions. The class of the solution satisfying nonlocal linear restrictions is extremely narrow. It results in the need for the “correct” extension of solutions of a system of differential equations to a class of quasi-solutions having the distinctive feature of gaps in a countable number of points. It was possible numerically using the Runge–Kutta method of the fourth order to build these quasi-solutions and determine their rate of growth. Let us note that in the technical plan the main complexity consisted in obtaining quasi-solutions satisfying the nonlocal linear restrictions. Furthermore, we investigated the dependence of quasi-solutions and, in particular, sizes of gaps (jumps) of solutions on a number of parameters of the model characterizing a rule of control, technologies for transportation of cargo and intensity of giving of cargo on a node station.
Event logs collected by modern information and technical systems usually contain enough data for automated process models discovery. A variety of algorithms was developed for process models discovery, conformance checking, log to model alignment, comparison of process models, etc., nevertheless a quick analysis of ad-hoc selected parts of a journal still have not get a full-fledged implementation. This paper describes an ROLAP-based method of multidimensional event logs storage for process mining. The result of the analysis of the journal is visualized as directed graph representing the union of all possible event sequences, ranked by their occurrence probability. Our implementation allows the analyst to discover process models for sublogs defined by ad-hoc selection of criteria and value of occurrence probability
The Handbook of CO₂ in Power Systems' objective is to include the state-of-the-art developments that occurred in power systems taking CO₂ emission into account. The book includes power systems operation modeling with CO₂ emissions considerations, CO₂ market mechanism modeling, CO₂ regulation policy modeling, carbon price forecasting, and carbon capture modeling. For each of the subjects, at least one article authored by a world specialist on the specific domain is included.
By using superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometry, we investigated anisotropic high-field (H less than or similar to 7T) low-temperature (10 K) magnetization response of inhomogeneous nanoisland FeNi films grown by rf sputtering deposition on Sitall (TiO2) glass substrates. In the grown FeNi films, the FeNi layer nominal thickness varied from 0.6 to 2.5 nm, across the percolation transition at the d(c) similar or equal to 1.8 nm. We discovered that, beyond conventional spin-magnetism of Fe21Ni79 permalloy, the extracted out-of-plane magnetization response of the nanoisland FeNi films is not saturated in the range of investigated magnetic fields and exhibits paramagnetic-like behavior. We found that the anomalous out-of-plane magnetization response exhibits an escalating slope with increase in the nominal film thickness from 0.6 to 1.1 nm, however, it decreases with further increase in the film thickness, and then practically vanishes on approaching the FeNi film percolation threshold. At the same time, the in-plane response demonstrates saturation behavior above 1.5-2T, competing with anomalously large diamagnetic-like response, which becomes pronounced at high magnetic fields. It is possible that the supported-metal interaction leads to the creation of a thin charge-transfer (CT) layer and a Schottky barrier at the FeNi film/Sitall (TiO2) interface. Then, in the system with nanoscale circular domains, the observed anomalous paramagnetic-like magnetization response can be associated with a large orbital moment of the localized electrons. In addition, the inhomogeneous nanoisland FeNi films can possess spontaneous ordering of toroidal moments, which can be either of orbital or spin origin. The system with toroidal inhomogeneity can lead to anomalously strong diamagnetic-like response. The observed magnetization response is determined by the interplay between the paramagnetic-and diamagnetic-like contributions.