Article
Метод автоматического определения возраста пользователей с помощью социальных связей
The work is devoted to methods of social network users’ age detection. Social networks allow users to fill their profiles that may contain an age. Profiles are not fully filled, so the task of unknown attributes detection arises. Explicit and predicted values are used in recommender and marketing systems. Moreover, the predicted values can be used for determining online communities’ demographic profiles and for inferring the target audience of marketing campaigns in the Internet. In this paper a method for predicting unfilled age values is proposed. The method uses the following information available from the social network: explicit users’ ages and social graph. The graph contains nodes representing users and communities. Community is the special page in the Internet that unites users on interests. Friendship relations between users and subscriptions of users on communities represented as edges of the social graph. The method is based on the label propagation in the friendship and subscription graphs. Ages of the users are representd by labels that are propagated in the graph. The scheme of the algorithm is following: initialize user labels according to explicit profiles; build vector model that contains distributions of the neighbours’ ages grouped by user age; compute weights of users and communities, propagate labels to communities; build vector model considering calculated weights; propagate labels to users that have not filled their age in the profile. The paper describes the algorithm and contains experimantal results showing that friendship relations are more useful for age prediction in the social network than communities.
In this paper, we study evolution of a social graph structure under the leverage of various projects performed by self-organizing teams. Suppose we have a group of specialists with different skills. Some of the team members are acquainted with each other, which is expressed by a social graph. We assume that each project requires a variety of skills, therefore the group members form teams in order to have at least one specialist with each skill required for the project. As a result of work on the project, all team members get acquainted with each other, which changes the social graph. In this paper a model is proposed for this process. Properties and characteristics of the model are studied analytically and via computer simulation.
This paper studies different aspects of a linguo-political conflict concerned with choosing between two Russian toponymic variants – Belorussia and Belarus’ as well as adjectives belorusskij (Belorussian) and belarus(s)kij (Belarusian) and ethnonyms belorus and belarus. The core of the problem is that in the Russian language of Russia the variant Belorussia is used, which is considered to be insulting by many Belarusians, who prefer to use the variant Belarus while speaking Russian. In an attempt to understand the structure of this conflict, we analyze how and why the toponym Belarus appeared and spread through the newspapers of 1990-s, study the data from two online polls and the distribution of some words derived from the two toponymic variants, and finally discuss the scenarios of conflict communication in discussions in various social media. One of the polls shows the social distribution of the two toponymic variants and the other examines the attitude of the Belarusians towards the toponym Belorussia and its derivates. We show that each side of the conflict has its own limited set of ideas that reappear in conflict communication in comments under different articles on the Internet.
Internet Studies is an interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary field of fundamental and applied research that integrate different research disciplines with a common object, that is the Internet. This review article gives a definition and a brief description of the structure of Internet Studies as part of the social sciences and introduces research agenda of this field, including most cutting edge research issues. The agenda of Internet Studies related to classical sociological issues are analyzed in more detail: inequality, online communities and social capital as well as topics related to the study of transformations in different spheres of society - politics, public health and medicine, education. Two main theoretical approaches are briefly described, within which the influence of the Internet on society is interpreted: the network society theory and critical theory of the Internet and society. We conclude that the present directions of Internet research have many intersections with each other, and the perspective of a more complete study of the mechanisms, that mediate social changes related to the Internet and connect online and offline sociality into a single space, opens at these intersections.
The social and community driven aspects of our digital lives continue to rapidly increase, resulting in transformative behaviors and, significantly, publishing and distributing huge amounts of fascinating data. The seventh meeting of the International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (ICWSM-13) held in Cambridge, Massachusetts, promised to be a benchmark year for ICWSM. Thanks to the enthusiastic participation of our community, we received a record number of submissions, with a growth of 50 percent over the previous year. More than the quantity, however, the high quality of the submitted papers is the truest evidence that ICWSM is maturing in its role as a premier venue for social media research.
Graph partitioning is required for solving tasks on graphs that need to be distributed over disks or computers. This problem is well studied, but the majority of the results on this subject are not suitable for processing graphs with billions of nodes on commodity clusters, since they require shared memory or lowlatency messaging. One of the approaches suitable for cluster computing is the balanced label propagation, which is based on the label propagation algorithm. In this work, we show how multi-level optimization can be used to improve quality of the partitioning obtained by means of the balanced label propagation algorithm.
The northern island of Japanese Archipelago - Hokkaido - has 34 cities on it and the most of them experiences depopulation and economic stagnation. The paper gives a brief survey of activies in social media the municipal authorities and local citizens'communities take to rebrand and promote their cities.
The goal of our research is to investigate how the communication structure of an organization affects its performance. In the paper, we study a simulation model of a self-organizing team conducting scientific research. The key parameter of the model is the social graph of the organization, which defines the team creation process. For this model, we formally define the average utilization rate of the group. Under some natural condition, the utilization rate is a function of the social graph. Lower and upper bounds of this characteristic are established. The obtained result has evident practical meaning and policy implications for organization management.
This book is the essential guide for understanding how state power and politics are contested and exercised on social media. It brings together contributions by social media scholars who explore the connection of social media with revolutions, uprising, protests, power and counter-power, hacktivism, the state, policing and surveillance. It shows how collective action and state power are related and conflict as two dialectical sides of social media power, and how power and counter-power are distributed in this dialectic. Theoretically focused and empirically rigorous research considers the two-sided contradictory nature of power in relation to social media and politics. Chapters cover social media in the context of phenomena such as contemporary revolutions in Egypt and other countries, populism 2.0, anti-austerity protests, the fascist movement in Greece's crisis, Anonymous and police surveillance.
In this book, the impact of modern social media on the development of management system in the hospitality and tourism industry is examined. The present research project was elaborated in two subsequent phases. During the first research phase the localization of the apparatus, methodology, study design, questionnaire and methodology for the Russian version of the research project were carried out. That was done based on the courtesy materials recently completed project by a Center for Hospitality Research Cornel the United States. The second project phase was aimed at identification of the specifics of the Russian consumers perception towards the use of social media for planning their trips.
A model for organizing cargo transportation between two node stations connected by a railway line which contains a certain number of intermediate stations is considered. The movement of cargo is in one direction. Such a situation may occur, for example, if one of the node stations is located in a region which produce raw material for manufacturing industry located in another region, and there is another node station. The organization of freight traffic is performed by means of a number of technologies. These technologies determine the rules for taking on cargo at the initial node station, the rules of interaction between neighboring stations, as well as the rule of distribution of cargo to the final node stations. The process of cargo transportation is followed by the set rule of control. For such a model, one must determine possible modes of cargo transportation and describe their properties. This model is described by a finite-dimensional system of differential equations with nonlocal linear restrictions. The class of the solution satisfying nonlocal linear restrictions is extremely narrow. It results in the need for the “correct” extension of solutions of a system of differential equations to a class of quasi-solutions having the distinctive feature of gaps in a countable number of points. It was possible numerically using the Runge–Kutta method of the fourth order to build these quasi-solutions and determine their rate of growth. Let us note that in the technical plan the main complexity consisted in obtaining quasi-solutions satisfying the nonlocal linear restrictions. Furthermore, we investigated the dependence of quasi-solutions and, in particular, sizes of gaps (jumps) of solutions on a number of parameters of the model characterizing a rule of control, technologies for transportation of cargo and intensity of giving of cargo on a node station.
Event logs collected by modern information and technical systems usually contain enough data for automated process models discovery. A variety of algorithms was developed for process models discovery, conformance checking, log to model alignment, comparison of process models, etc., nevertheless a quick analysis of ad-hoc selected parts of a journal still have not get a full-fledged implementation. This paper describes an ROLAP-based method of multidimensional event logs storage for process mining. The result of the analysis of the journal is visualized as directed graph representing the union of all possible event sequences, ranked by their occurrence probability. Our implementation allows the analyst to discover process models for sublogs defined by ad-hoc selection of criteria and value of occurrence probability
The geographic information system (GIS) is based on the first and only Russian Imperial Census of 1897 and the First All-Union Census of the Soviet Union of 1926. The GIS features vector data (shapefiles) of allprovinces of the two states. For the 1897 census, there is information about linguistic, religious, and social estate groups. The part based on the 1926 census features nationality. Both shapefiles include information on gender, rural and urban population. The GIS allows for producing any necessary maps for individual studies of the period which require the administrative boundaries and demographic information.
Existing approaches suggest that IT strategy should be a reflection of business strategy. However, actually organisations do not often follow business strategy even if it is formally declared. In these conditions, IT strategy can be viewed not as a plan, but as an organisational shared view on the role of information systems. This approach generally reflects only a top-down perspective of IT strategy. So, it can be supplemented by a strategic behaviour pattern (i.e., more or less standard response to a changes that is formed as result of previous experience) to implement bottom-up approach. Two components that can help to establish effective reaction regarding new initiatives in IT are proposed here: model of IT-related decision making, and efficiency measurement metric to estimate maturity of business processes and appropriate IT. Usage of proposed tools is demonstrated in practical cases.