Article
Использование индексов в реляционных СУБД
In this work we consider a solution that helps to increase the speed of search and retrieval of data in relational database management systems, such as ORACLE and MySQL.
This solution is called the index. We consider the types of indexes that are unique only for a particular database and indexes that are used in all DBMS.
The test database for experiments is created. The analysis is performed on certain types of queries, the same for all test databases. Based on the results of queries made a number of recommendations for using specific indexes in data-bases for specific types of request, as well as some general advice on writing relational queries
This paper is aimed at applying and analyzing international active ageing indices in Russia, including the Active Ageing Index (AAI), developed by European Centre Vienna, and Global AgeWatch Index by HelpAge International, to provide the base for cross-national comparison and development of a comprehensive national policy on active ageing. Our research was motivated by the following questions (1) to what extent can the international approaches to measure active ageing be applied to the Russian context and data? (2) to what extent a country’s position in the ranking is sensitive to the index methodology and data used? (3) whether and under what conditions Russia can improve its positions in the active ageing indices? To answer these questions, we estimated the AAI for Russia based on eight data sources and recalculated some of the AgeWatch Index results based on reliable data. The methodology of both indices and the quality and adequacy of the data used are discussed in detail in the paper. The results show that ranking of Russia according to these indices varies considerably from the 65th place out of 96 countries by the Global AgeWatch Index to the 18th place among 29 countries (28 EU countries plus Russia) by the AAI. Nevertheless, both indices draw rather similar pictures of active ageing potential in Russia. We provide some recommendations on how the indicators can be modified to capture some peculiarities of the ageing context in Russia and other countries with similar demographic, economic and social context.
Despite the fact that the range of players in telecommunication market is not large, the companies operate in continuously increasing competition on one side and slowing extensive growth of the industry on the other. This leads companies to an understanding the fact that the efforts of the company's management should be directed to the area of intensive growth. One of the factors that increase the intensification of a telecommunication company is planning a tariff policy strategy. This paper is devoted to forming the tariff policy of a company with regard to the preferences of subscribers.
In the last years native RDF stores made enormous progress in closing the performance gap compared to RDBMS. This albeit smaller gap, however, still prevents adoption of RDF stores in scenarios with high requirements on responsiveness. We try to bridge the gap and present a native RDF store “OntoQuad” and its fundamental design principles. Basing on previous researches, we develop a vector database schema for quadruples, its realization on index data structures, and ways to efficiently implement the joining of two and more data sets simultaneously. We also offer approaches to optimizing the SPARQL query execution plan which is based on its heuristic transformations. The query performance efficiency is checked and proved on BSBM tests. The study results can be taken into consideration during the development of RDF DBMS’s suitable for storing large volumes of Semantic Web data, as well as for the creation of large-scale repositories of semantic data.
Methodology of automated forming of weak-formalized manufacturing documents for support the production processes of an enterprise on the basis of the cybernetic methods is considered. A model of elaboration of automaed documents preparation technology with use of automated lexicological synthesis is presented. The technology being proposed allows substantially reduce the man-hours at making of full-text documents.
A model for organizing cargo transportation between two node stations connected by a railway line which contains a certain number of intermediate stations is considered. The movement of cargo is in one direction. Such a situation may occur, for example, if one of the node stations is located in a region which produce raw material for manufacturing industry located in another region, and there is another node station. The organization of freight traffic is performed by means of a number of technologies. These technologies determine the rules for taking on cargo at the initial node station, the rules of interaction between neighboring stations, as well as the rule of distribution of cargo to the final node stations. The process of cargo transportation is followed by the set rule of control. For such a model, one must determine possible modes of cargo transportation and describe their properties. This model is described by a finite-dimensional system of differential equations with nonlocal linear restrictions. The class of the solution satisfying nonlocal linear restrictions is extremely narrow. It results in the need for the “correct” extension of solutions of a system of differential equations to a class of quasi-solutions having the distinctive feature of gaps in a countable number of points. It was possible numerically using the Runge–Kutta method of the fourth order to build these quasi-solutions and determine their rate of growth. Let us note that in the technical plan the main complexity consisted in obtaining quasi-solutions satisfying the nonlocal linear restrictions. Furthermore, we investigated the dependence of quasi-solutions and, in particular, sizes of gaps (jumps) of solutions on a number of parameters of the model characterizing a rule of control, technologies for transportation of cargo and intensity of giving of cargo on a node station.
Event logs collected by modern information and technical systems usually contain enough data for automated process models discovery. A variety of algorithms was developed for process models discovery, conformance checking, log to model alignment, comparison of process models, etc., nevertheless a quick analysis of ad-hoc selected parts of a journal still have not get a full-fledged implementation. This paper describes an ROLAP-based method of multidimensional event logs storage for process mining. The result of the analysis of the journal is visualized as directed graph representing the union of all possible event sequences, ranked by their occurrence probability. Our implementation allows the analyst to discover process models for sublogs defined by ad-hoc selection of criteria and value of occurrence probability
The geographic information system (GIS) is based on the first and only Russian Imperial Census of 1897 and the First All-Union Census of the Soviet Union of 1926. The GIS features vector data (shapefiles) of allprovinces of the two states. For the 1897 census, there is information about linguistic, religious, and social estate groups. The part based on the 1926 census features nationality. Both shapefiles include information on gender, rural and urban population. The GIS allows for producing any necessary maps for individual studies of the period which require the administrative boundaries and demographic information.
Existing approaches suggest that IT strategy should be a reflection of business strategy. However, actually organisations do not often follow business strategy even if it is formally declared. In these conditions, IT strategy can be viewed not as a plan, but as an organisational shared view on the role of information systems. This approach generally reflects only a top-down perspective of IT strategy. So, it can be supplemented by a strategic behaviour pattern (i.e., more or less standard response to a changes that is formed as result of previous experience) to implement bottom-up approach. Two components that can help to establish effective reaction regarding new initiatives in IT are proposed here: model of IT-related decision making, and efficiency measurement metric to estimate maturity of business processes and appropriate IT. Usage of proposed tools is demonstrated in practical cases.