О подходах к изучению древнегреческой софистики

Философия и культура. 2016. № 4. С. 506–513.

Matveychev O. A.

Particular attention is paid to the study of ancient Greek sophistry, established in XIX-XX centuries. The author focuses on the fact that there is a consensus to ignore and neglect the history of philosophy in relation to the Sophists. The author offers two different ways of reconstruction of "systems" and ideologies that existed at that time in philosophy. The first method - a reconstruction of the "system" the teacher through the follower. The second way - it's in-depth interpretation of the available fragments that tries to factor out the vulgar interpretations emanating from the a priori opinion of Greeks' primitivity. Thus, it is possible to build a family tree of the early Greek philosophers. In writing this article, the author used a hermeneutical method as well as dialectical, as well as disclosed the similarity and difference of philosophical cultures, the mechanism of their interaction. The main conclusion of the study is that in recent decades there have been some attempts in the rehabilitation of the Sophists. In particular, such an attempt has been made by B. Cassin. But her postmodern approach can not be considered satisfactory until the end, because it denies the ontology of the Sophists in favour of their rhetoric. The author brings to the realization that the sophists give us some kind of "ontology of imagination", a primordial ontology than traditional ontology of metaphysics, with its thousands of years of separation of the "visible and invisible" and the "world of the senses and the world of ideas."

Keywords: метафизика, интерпретация, древнегреческая философия, софистика