Article
The Approaches to Implementation of Patterns of Static Object Models for Database Applications: Existing Solutions and Unified Testing Model
At the moment, there are many tools that provide object approach to application development. This is the fact that the object-oriented paradigm is dominant in the development of new applications for any subject domains. Object-oriented approach is increasingly used in the implementation of database applications. The existence of their own strengths and weaknesses of each instrument, their main goal-to provide developers all the benefits of object-oriented paradigm for implementation of database applications. This paper provides a detailed overview of existing works and presents the unified testing model which is used to demonstrate different methods of presenting structural models in database applications. In last section the conclusions of the work and made suggestions for further development is given. This paper is the result of years of research and is based on numerous articles published in the Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference "Object Systems" (objectsystems.ru).
The sui generis database right was added to copyright protection of databases in the Russian legislation only in 2008. In December 2010, new draft amendments to the RF Civil Code were published, substantially developing this regulation. This article examines the position of the Russian Federation regarding regulation of databases in its historical development and compares it with the relevant regulation in the European Union. While the Russian Federation generally follows the European model, there are some important specific provisions in the Russian Federation that should be taken into account by database producers and database users.
The history of formation of the new scientific discipline – women’ and gender studies in Russian science of the past – is represented in the article through the prism of creation of the united information and search resource – a database “Women’ and Gender History of Russia, 1800-2010”. The authors focus the attention on the absence of such nationwide catalogues and bibliographies, on the complexity of the information collectioning and its generalization, as well as on the methods of ensuring the gathered information in the tags and keywords. At the same time the article encourages to join to the network of the researchers who study the past through the aspect of gender, talks about the role that “The Russian Association of Women’ History Researchers” played in the development of the “new social history” – with the ascent on the history from the individuals till the large social groups.
A model for organizing cargo transportation between two node stations connected by a railway line which contains a certain number of intermediate stations is considered. The movement of cargo is in one direction. Such a situation may occur, for example, if one of the node stations is located in a region which produce raw material for manufacturing industry located in another region, and there is another node station. The organization of freight traffic is performed by means of a number of technologies. These technologies determine the rules for taking on cargo at the initial node station, the rules of interaction between neighboring stations, as well as the rule of distribution of cargo to the final node stations. The process of cargo transportation is followed by the set rule of control. For such a model, one must determine possible modes of cargo transportation and describe their properties. This model is described by a finite-dimensional system of differential equations with nonlocal linear restrictions. The class of the solution satisfying nonlocal linear restrictions is extremely narrow. It results in the need for the “correct” extension of solutions of a system of differential equations to a class of quasi-solutions having the distinctive feature of gaps in a countable number of points. It was possible numerically using the Runge–Kutta method of the fourth order to build these quasi-solutions and determine their rate of growth. Let us note that in the technical plan the main complexity consisted in obtaining quasi-solutions satisfying the nonlocal linear restrictions. Furthermore, we investigated the dependence of quasi-solutions and, in particular, sizes of gaps (jumps) of solutions on a number of parameters of the model characterizing a rule of control, technologies for transportation of cargo and intensity of giving of cargo on a node station.
Event logs collected by modern information and technical systems usually contain enough data for automated process models discovery. A variety of algorithms was developed for process models discovery, conformance checking, log to model alignment, comparison of process models, etc., nevertheless a quick analysis of ad-hoc selected parts of a journal still have not get a full-fledged implementation. This paper describes an ROLAP-based method of multidimensional event logs storage for process mining. The result of the analysis of the journal is visualized as directed graph representing the union of all possible event sequences, ranked by their occurrence probability. Our implementation allows the analyst to discover process models for sublogs defined by ad-hoc selection of criteria and value of occurrence probability
Existing approaches suggest that IT strategy should be a reflection of business strategy. However, actually organisations do not often follow business strategy even if it is formally declared. In these conditions, IT strategy can be viewed not as a plan, but as an organisational shared view on the role of information systems. This approach generally reflects only a top-down perspective of IT strategy. So, it can be supplemented by a strategic behaviour pattern (i.e., more or less standard response to a changes that is formed as result of previous experience) to implement bottom-up approach. Two components that can help to establish effective reaction regarding new initiatives in IT are proposed here: model of IT-related decision making, and efficiency measurement metric to estimate maturity of business processes and appropriate IT. Usage of proposed tools is demonstrated in practical cases.