Article
Гипотеза перманентного дохода, недальновидность потребления и ограничения ликвидности в России
By the poverty of Russians, it is proposed to understand their poverty in “everything”: material poverty and spiritual poverty as poverty in relation to the levels of necessary and possible education and culture. Material poverty includes not only the inadequate level of consumption of material goods, but also the poverty of the human environment and environment that surrounds a person.
The poverty of Russians leads to the fact that people from other countries do not seek an alliance with Russia. Western sanctions also hit the interests of wealthy Russians forcing them to seek a compromise that would allow them to preserve their sources of wealth and the unlimited personal consumption associated with them.
As a result, the future dangers that lie in wait for Russia may lurk not only in the opposition of poverty and wealth in society, but in each of these phenomenons separately.
The article discusses external and intra-industry factors affecting the profitability of milk producers and processors, suggests directions for increasing effectiveness of their interaction in improving competitiveness of dairy industry in the face of a decrease in solvent demand of population and dairy products consumption.
There are two main approaches to study youth consumption. The first one considers consumption as viewed by a group of people of a certain age who differ from other age groups. Cultural differences are not taken into account. In the second approach consumption is seen as one of structure-forming elements of youth communities and practices. In that case, researchers study subcultures and youth leisure activities. However, those young people who are not engaged in subcultures and whose consumption patterns do not define their group iden-tities are poorly studied. The article ana-lyzes the importance of consumption among young persons and examines the ideological vectors of youth solidarity. The database consists of 28 biographical interviews with young activists from St Petersburg. The emphasis is placed on value priorities and the significance of labor for young activists. Thus, the meaning of consumption is considered through the prism of values and labor using the notion of “cultural repertoire of consumption”. Based on the interview results, five repertoires were singled out: antireconsumption, ethical, pro-Soviet, anti-consumption and politicized reper-toires. Special attention is given to young activists’ reinterpretation of exclusiveness within the dominant consumption discourse. The analysis provides the grounds for reviewing the content of the solidarity vector and the substitution of “consumption-asceticism” direction for the “critical-internalized consumption” The author ex-presses gratitude to Elena L. Omelchen-ko, director of NRU HSE Center for Youth Studies, and Yana N. Krupets, project manager, for the provided materials. Special thanks go to all the colleagues who took part in the tool design and data collection, discussion and analysis
This is the first paper on consumer search where the cost of going back to stores already searched is explicitly taken into account. We show that the optimal sequential search rule under costly second visits is very different from the traditional reservation price rule in that it is nonstationary and not independent of previously sampled prices. We explore the implications of costly second visits on market equilibrium in two celebrated search models. In the Wolinsky model some consumers search beyond the first firm and in this class of models costly second visits do make a substantive difference: equilibrium prices under costly second visits can both be higher and lower than their perfect recall analogues. In the oligopoly search model of Stahl where consumers do not search beyond the first firm, there remains a unique symmetric equilibrium that has firms use pricing strategies that are identical to the perfect recall case.
Smoking is a problem, bringing signifi cant social and economic costs to Russiansociety. However, ratifi cation of the World health organization Framework conventionon tobacco control makes it possible to improve Russian legislation accordingto the international standards. So, I describe some measures that should be taken bythe Russian authorities in the nearest future, and I examine their effi ciency. By studyingthe international evidence I analyze the impact of the smoke-free areas, advertisementand sponsorship bans, tax increases, etc. on the prevalence of smoking, cigaretteconsumption and some other indicators. I also investigate the obstacles confrontingthe Russian authorities when they introduce new policy measures and the public attitudetowards these measures. I conclude that there is a number of easy-to-implementanti-smoking activities that need no fi nancial resources but only a political will.
One of the most important indicators of company's success is the increase of its value. The article investigates traditional methods of company's value assessment and the evidence that the application of these methods is incorrect in the new stage of economy. So it is necessary to create a new method of valuation based on the new main sources of company's success that is its intellectual capital.