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Сделка на разницу в дореволюционной России: взгляд с точки зрения современного рынка деривативов
Журнал российского права. 2025. Т. 29. № 7. С. 63–78.
Klementiev A.
The article examines the legal category of contract for difference, which at one time gave rise to a discussion among civilists and commercialists. Conract for difference were widespread on the stock exchanges of major trading cities of the Russian Empire. According to contemporaries, these operations attracted a huge number of participants and, consequently, the close attention of researchers. The purpose of the article is to find an analogue of contract for difference in the derivatives market these days, which could correspond as much as possible to the historical contractual structure. Among the methods used in the study, there are formal legal and historical methods, as well as the statistical method of analysis. To achieve this goal, the author provides a description of pre-revolutionary contracts for difference, based on the works of famous civilists and commercialists of that era (A. H. Golmsten, K. I. Malyshev, D. I. Meyer, G. F. Shershenevich, P. P. Cytovich); most scientists had a negative attitude towards contract for difference. The general characteristics of the futures market formed in the modern economy are also presented. It is in this market that derivative financial instruments such as forwards and futures are traded, which a number of modern civilists identify with contract for difference. Since the financial industry today differs in many ways from the stock trading of securities and commodities of the XIX century, overcoming the differences between derivative financial instruments and contract for difference is not a trivial task. The author comes to the conclusion that the most accurate analogy of contract for difference is an over-the-counter “settlement forward” transaction, despite the fact that contract for difference were of an exchange nature.
Bardin L., Юридический мир 2026 № 8 (356) С. 34–37
This article analyzes certain legislative provisions and scientific publications related to addressing risks associated with providing qualified legal assistance to organizations. Proposals are made for measures to prevent risks for both organizations and individuals providing legal assistance. A proposal is made regarding the need for a number of legislative amendments to minimize these risks. ...
Added: August 12, 2026
Puchkov E., Knyaginina N., М.: Национальный исследовательский университет "Высшая школа экономики", 2026.
The report examines the ecosystem supporting the development of social entrepreneurship in Europe. It considers the historical evolution of the sector, the approaches adopted by the European Union and individual countries to defining and recognising social enterprises, and the differences between European and Russian models. Particular attention is paid to the role of social enterprises ...
Added: August 11, 2026
Романюк В. И., Сравнительное конституционное обозрение 2026 Т. 35 № 2 (167) С. 164–183
The author proceeds from the thesis that anti-corruption lawsuit nowadays is becoming the most effective and, at the same time, the least developed legal means of combating corruption offenses and minimizing the impact of such offenses. According to legal scholarship and practical experience, two approaches to determining the legal nature of the so-called civil confscation ...
Added: August 10, 2026
Романюк В. И., Российское право: образование, практика, наука 2025 № 5 С. 53–63
The question of applicability of immunity from enforcement in cases of prosecutor filing an anti-corruption claim is related, on the one hand, to the very nature of such a claim as a means of minimizing the consequences of corrupt behavior, and, on the other, to the origin of the possessions seized in this case. Taking ...
Added: August 10, 2026
Argunov A., РГУП им. В.М. Лебедева, 2026.
This collection comprises articles based on papers presented at the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference dedicated to the 95th anniversary of the birth of R. F. Kallistratova. The conference was organized by the Department of Civil and Administrative Proceedings of the V. M. Lebedev Russian State University of Justice and took place on October 25, ...
Added: August 10, 2026
Argunov A., Арбитражный и гражданский процесс 2026 № 6 С. 44–48
This article examines methodological approaches to studying the principles of civil procedure. Formal dogmatic and natural law approaches are distinguished. Within the formal dogmatic approach, legalistic and sociological-legal approaches to studying principles are distinguished. The shortcomings of the dominant legalistic approach are highlighted, and arguments are presented to support the thesis that using sociological and ...
Added: August 10, 2026
Tsurlui O., Lex Russica (Русский закон) 2026 № 6 С. 125–136
Предупреждение совершения преступлений вошло в предметную область криминалистики спустя время после ее становления как самостоятельной науки. На протяжении всего развития науки криминалистики профилактика совершения преступлений неоднократно включалась и исключалась из предмета криминалистики. Неравномерное историческое развитие криминалистической профилактики требует своего осмысления для понимания ее роли в настоящий период и перспектив развития. История возникновения криминалистической профилактики в предметной ...
Added: August 6, 2026
Bardin L., Юрист 2026 № 8 С. 14–19
The article is devoted to the analysis of some legislative norms and scientific publications related to solving the problem of excessive burden on the judicial system while maintaining citizens’ guarantees for effective and high-quality justice. The necessity of adopting a new federal law on forensic expertise is substantiated. The opinion is expressed regarding the need ...
Added: August 6, 2026
Rovnov Y., European Energy and Environmental Law Review 2026 Vol. 35 No. 2 P. 75–92
The article tracks a change of approach taken by national courts within and across legal systems to assessing climate actions in tort. The polycentric nature of climate policy, which had proven fatal to plaintiffs’ earlier cases in common law jurisdictions, has rarely struck judges in continental Europe as a particularly effective defence. Nonetheless, to civil ...
Added: August 3, 2026
Bogdanovskaya I. J., Volos A., Trubina V. et al., Legal Issues in the Digital Age 2026 Vol. 7 No. 2 P. 113–135
Оn 10 October 2025, the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE) Law Faculty held the XIV International Scientific and Practical Conference “Law in the Digital Age” in furtherance of the discussion of artificial intelligence (AI) and law, a subject brought forward at the XIII International Workshop back in 2024.
Whereas the plenary meeting focused ...
Added: August 3, 2026
Боголюбов Е. А., Российский юридический журнал 2026 № 2 С. 177–191
The article is devoted to the analysis of the staff of the Soviet notary in the pre-war period (1917-1941) and the problem of continuity between prerevolutionary and Soviet notaries. Three key stages of the development of the Soviet notary are highlighted: the old-regime notary, the transitional notary and the proletarian notary. At the first stage ...
Added: August 1, 2026
Купцов И. А., Закон 2026 № 7 С. 72–85
The article analyses the problem of the issue preclusion significance of a court decision that has entered into legal force in the case of challenging the results of a tax audit, in evidence in criminal cases of tax crimes. As a result of the study, the author concludes that it is inadmissible to revise the ...
Added: July 31, 2026
Klementiev A., Московский журнал международного права 2026 № 2 С. 190–202
INTRODUCTION. Concepts such as “harmonization” and “unification” are currently widely used in the legal field as methods for harmonizing legal regulation. Unlike domestic harmonization and unification, international legal convergence aims to eliminate contradictions in the laws of different states. The implementation of transnational harmonization and unification projects has been greatly facilitated by the activities of international ...
Added: July 30, 2026
Ilyin A., Закон 2026 № 7 С. 14–27
There is hardly a more confusing issue in court practice than issue preclusion. The difficulty of understanding the current rules on issue preclusion leads to the casuistry of their application, which leads to the accumulation of contradictions. Two main issues related to issue preclusion are still extremely controversial: firstly, what exactly is being prejudged — facts or facts with a ...
Added: July 29, 2026
Mokhova E., Закон 2026 № 7 С. 172–192
The article is the first part of a study of the foreign directors responsibility in the bankruptcy of foreign companies, which analyses he European approach, the international standard of UNCITRAL and foreign experience on this issue. The problem is considered through the prism of the concept of internationalisation of the responsibility of the debtor’s directors to ...
Added: July 27, 2026
Polyakov S., Smeshkova L., Lapin V. et al., Veredas do Direito 2026 Vol. 23 No. 11 Article e237531
The article examines the significant transformation of the concept of information and its impact on modern security technologies. Until the middle of the 20th century, the concept of information was considered as a philosophical category related to the transfer of knowledge and meaning. With the advent of Claude Shannon's communication theory, information was reinterpreted as ...
Added: July 27, 2026
Степанов С. К., Иноземцев М. И., Закон 2026 № 7 С. 193–203
In 2022, the European Commission introduced a draft directive on liability for harm caused through the use of artificial intelligence systems. The hallmark of the proposal lies in its decision to retain a fault-based liability regime, even when harm arises in connection with the deployment of AI technologies. The draft further includes several procedural mechanisms ...
Added: July 27, 2026
Бронякина Е. О., Юстицинформ, 2023.
Издание посвящено исследованию института преюдиции в контексте принципа правовой определенности (res judicata). В книге показано развитие учения о преюдиции, которое в России проходило в три этапа, соответствующих развитию процессуального законодательства: дореволюционный этап (с 1864 года до 1917 года), советский этап (с 1917 года до 1995 года) и современный этап (с 1995 года до н.в.). Для ...
Added: July 24, 2026
Москвитин О. А., Исламгулов С. Ф., Рахимов Э. Х., Вестник Уфимского юридического института МВД России 2026 № 2 С. 62–69
The submission of inaccurate information by companies when participating in public procurement is, unfortunately, a fairly common phenomenon. Not all procurement participants take into account that this direct violation of the Law on the Contract System not only undermines fair competition but also entails significant legal and financial consequences for the violators themselves. In this ...
Added: July 23, 2026
Грудников Н. С., Пастухова Е. Г., Психология и право 2026 Т. 16 № 2 С. 198–214
Context and relevance. Mediation is a widespread form of conflict resolution with its own unique principles. Restorative justice, as a new paradigm in criminal justice, utilizes mediation as a form of implementation while adapting it to its own core concepts. Objective. The study aims to identify the differences between the value foundations of classical and ...
Added: July 22, 2026
Aleksey P. Klementyev, Kutafin Law Review 2026 Vol. 13 No. 2 P. 391–425
Derivatives are complex financial contracts widely used in today’s securities and commodities markets. Alongside promising speculative gains, they allow exporters, importers, lenders, borrowers and other commercial actors to hedge a range of risks they face in the course of their day-to-day operations. Equally, international commercial
arbitration has become a preferred method of dispute resolution among legal ...
Added: July 21, 2026
Galperin M., International Journal of Constitutional Law Blog 2026
On 12 May 2026, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) delivered a judgment that should have caused a small earthquake. It didn’t. One possible explanation is that the judgment was issued only in French. No offence to our francophone colleagues — but a quiet constitutional revolution delivered in Molière’s language nowadays may take a ...
Added: July 20, 2026
Galperin M., JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL DISPUTE SETTLEMENT 2026 Vol. 17 No. 3 P. 1–22
The article aims to clarify the legal effect of contractual commitments not to litigate existing or potential disputes. Across a range of contexts—commercial, tort, employment, and others—agreements frequently contain clauses that expressly preclude parties from pursuing judicial remedies against one another. In various legal systems, such clauses are known as waivers, releases, or covenants not ...
Added: July 20, 2026
Klementiev A., Вестник экономического правосудия Российской Федерации 2026 № 3 С. 175–200
This article examines the case of Russian Coal v. OTP Bank, which reached the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation and concerned commodity swaps concluded on the basis of the 2011 Model Terms of the Agreement on Derivative Transactions in the Financial Markets. In resolving the dispute, the court effectively recalibrated the contractual mechanism for ...
Added: May 11, 2026