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Of all publications in the section: 3 536
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Working paper
Kardanova E., Enchikova E. S., Shi H. et al. Education. EDU. Высшая школа экономики, 2015. No. WP BRP 28/EDU/2015 .
Although the number of engineering graduates has expanded rapidly in the last two decades, relatively little is known about the quality of engineering programs worldwide. In particular, few studies look at differences in the degree to which students are learning skills across different engineering programs within and between countries. There is particular interest in the investigation of the engineering education quality in the countries with the rapidly growing economy, such as BRICS countries. Until now, there was little research in this field and one of the main reasons for this is the difficulty in developing an assessment approach and the accompanying set of instruments, which would allow for measurement and international comparison. Our study describes a set of procedures for developing such an assessment framework of instruments, to measure and compare skill levels and gains across engineering programs. We first describe a systematic approach for constructing cross-nationally comparable instruments in maths and physics for students in the first two years of their undergraduate engineering programs. The approach includes both a priori procedures (including expert assessments to avoid construct, method, and item bias), and a posteriori procedures (including the psychometric analysis of test quality, differential item functioning, and identifying and reducing bias in the data). In addition to describing this set of procedures in theory, we also show how we systematically implemented these procedures. Drawing on data that we collected from over 24 engineering experts and 3,600 engineering students across Russia and China, we provide evidence that it is possible to create tests that are cross-culturally valid, equate-able, and free from bias.
Working paper
Popova D. EUROMOD Working Paper Series. EM. Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, 2012. No. 7.
The Russian tax-benefit system consists of numerous types of support available to a large circle of beneficiaries; they are regulated by a number of legislative acts that focus on certain types of assistance rather than on vulnerable groups. In addition, the decentralization reform of social protection carried out in 2005 motivated many regional governments to implement their own social programs that differ in terms of design and generosity. So far, however, little is known about the impact of the tax-benefit policies on income distribution and poverty in Russia. This paper describes the construction of a tax-benefit microsimulation model for Russia (RUSMOD) which is based upon the EUROMOD platform. RUSMOD simulates the eligibility and receipt of most of the existing monetary policies at the federal and regional levels and assesses their potential redistributive effect. This paper aims to provide necessary background material on the construction of the model to anyone wishing to work with RUSMOD.
Working paper
Baranov E. F., Kim I., Piontkovski D. et al. Economics/EC. WP BRP. Высшая школа экономики, 2015. No. 108.
Time series of Input-Output (IO) accounts at current and constant prices are widely applied to study the dynamics and structure of economic activity within country and conduct cross-country comparisons and analyses of globalization processes as well as their impacts. For these purposes IO accounts have to adhere to a uniform nomenclature of products and economic activities in accordance with international standards. Unfortunately, Russian statistics currently do not satisfy this condition. The first Russian IO accounts for 2011, built in accordance with international standards, will be published only at the end of 2015 (previously published tables for 1995-2003 were built in the classifications "inherited" from the Soviet period). The IO accounts for 2012 and subsequent years will be built by extrapolating the cost structure of products and services for 2011. However, it leaves the open question of extending the time series of these tables for the retrospective period prior to 2011. As international experience shows, this type of calculation was predominantly conducted by research organizations and universities. Given this, the National Research University Higher School of Economics has been developing a methodology for constructing a retrospective time series of a part of the IO accounts (use tables and valuation matrices) from 2010, in order to experimentally test them, and apply them to the official IO accounts for 2011. The following results were obtained from our study. First, we proposed a two-step procedure to transform IO accounts for 2003 from the Soviet into the OKVED/OKPD classifications. Second, we used a two-stage biproportional method generalizing the RAS procedure to construct a time series of IO accounts for the subsequent period using the 2003 transformed IO accounts as the starting point. Finally, we recalculated a part of the IO accounts (use tables) at the previous year prices.
Working paper
Amerik E., Verbitsky M. math. arxive. Cornell University, 2016
Let M be an irreducible holomorphic symplectic (hyperk¨ahler) manifold. If b2(M) >= 5, we construct a deformation M′ of M which admits a symplectic automorphism of infinite order. This automorphism is hyperbolic, that is, its action on the space of real (1, 1)-classes is hyperbolic. If b2(M) >= 14, similarly, we construct a deformation which admits a parabolic automorphism.
Working paper
Smilga I. math. arxive. Cornell University, 2018. No. 1802.07193.
We prove a partial converse to the main theorem of the author's previous paper "Proper affine actions: a sufficient criterion" (submitted; available at arXiv:1612.08942). More precisely, let G be a semisimple real Lie group with a representation rho on a finite-dimensional real vector space V, that does not satisfy the criterion from the previous paper. Assuming that rho is irreducible and under some additional assumptions on G and rho, we then prove that there does not exist a group of affine transformations acting properly discontinuously on V whose linear part is Zariski-dense in rho(G).
Working paper
Okuneva M., Potapov D. Management. MAN. Высшая школа экономики, 2014. No. 25.
The present paper focuses on the concepts of motivations and fun in online games. The ultimate goal of our research is to understand consumer behaviour toward an online games extending Yee’s model of motivations (Yee, 2006). We investigate relationships between fun, motivations, continued intention to play and such characteristics of players as age and rank. Moreover, we examine if the relationships are different depending on user characteristics (experience, donation). Our calculations are based on statistical procedures (structural equation modeling) for players of one particular game “Tanki Online”.
Working paper
Menyashev R. Economics. EC. Высшая школа экономики, 2011. No. 05.
A popular view in Russian studies argues that underdevelopment of Russian civil society is partly responsible for the failure of liberal idea in Russia. The fragmented society may see no alternative to massive government regulation, which is why support for a strong state is so high. If this logic is true, the di erences in civicness across urban societies should show up in di erent levels of liberal parties' support. The paper estimates this e ect. It was found that the transition from the most passive urban society to the most active in the sample increases the vote for liberal parties by a third. A unit increase in the number of consumer cooperatives per 1000 of citizens leads to a 3.5% drop in Communist Party results in 1995 and a 4% drop in United Russia votes in 2007. To demonstrate the causality we instrument the development of civil society by the number of years since the foundation of the rst university in each city.
Working paper
Ibragimova D. Sociology. SOC. Высшая школа экономики, 2014. No. WP BRP 41/SOC/2014.
The research deals with the analysis of consumer expectations of Russian population which are mediated by many socio-demographic characteristics: income, age, education, place of residence, sex, etc. The paper focuses on influence on variable “age” because it is itself rather complex. First, actual age represents biological characteristics. Second, “age” represents a unique birth cohort in the terms of socialization and formation of life experience. Finally, all ages are influence by a time period effect that reflects the socio-political, economic, and informational phenomena of the macro environment. The solving of the problem of "identification" (i.e. the separation of these three effects) which inevitably arises in case of cohort analysis, based on theoretical views concerning the character of consumer expectations and the results of empirical testing. That shows the aggregated Consumer Sentiment Index reflects the general socio-economic situation in a country at a certain time and allows us to use the CSI as a distillation of a specific time moment. The information base of research is the data of consumer survey although not the panel, but conducted over a 15-year period on the same methodology and sample. All 79 waves of cross-section data (from May 1996 to September 2009) were converted into a “quasi-longitudinal design”, the total sample of dataset was 182,507 respondents. The regression analysis demonstrates that belonging to a cohort actually significantly determines consumer sentiments. However, the nonlinear correlation describing such dependence showed that an increase of optimism/pessimism concerning the economic and social development of the country happens non-uniformly from one cohort to another. In addition, the article attempts to implement approach to differentiation of generations, is not based on age differences, and the relationship with historical events. The research shows that an indicator such as the CSI could be one instrument for defining the time boundaries of the generations.
Working paper
Parakhonyak A. N., Janssen M. C. Vienna Economics Papers. D11. University of Vienna, 2011. No. 1102.

This is the first paper on consumer search where the cost of going back to stores already searched is explicitly taken into account. We show that the optimal sequential search rule under costly second visits is very different from the traditional reservation price rule in that it is nonstationary and not independent of previously sampled prices. We explore the implications of costly second visits on market equilibrium in two celebrated search models. In the Wolinsky model some consumers search beyond the first firm and in this class of models costly second visits do make a substantive difference: equilibrium prices under costly second visits can both be higher and lower than their perfect recall analogues. In the oligopoly search model of Stahl where consumers do not search beyond the first firm, there remains a unique symmetric equilibrium that has firms use pricing strategies that are identical to the perfect recall case.

Working paper
Kotelnikova Z. Sociology. SOC. Высшая школа экономики, 2014
The majority of Russians believe that counterfeit alcohol may cause death. Nevertheless, alcohol is a common target of counterfeiting in contemporary Russia as are branded clothes, accessories and audio products. This paper aims to reveal whether counterfeit alcohol consumers are distinctive in terms of structure and culture. It investigates the prevalence and structure of counterfeit alcohol purchasing and consumption; attitudes and beliefs about counterfeit alcohol; and predictors of counterfeit alcohol consumption. The research is based on the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS-HSE), an annual nationwide panel survey designed to monitor the health and economic welfare of households and individuals in the Russian Federation. The research findings demonstrate that cultural and structural factors contribute a lot to the consumption of counterfeit alcohol. Counterfeit alcohol consumption is associated with hazardous alcohol drinkers and homemade alcohol drinkers who tend to ignore trademarks and the taste of alcoholic beverages. Blur counterfeiting is a characteristic of hazardous alcohol drinkers and vodka-lovers who are inclined to be price sensitive and to ignore brands. Social networks play a significant role in consumption of counterfeit alcohol. Counterfeit alcohol consumers are highly likely to represent lower classes.
Working paper
Sukhova Marina. Political Science. PS. Высшая школа экономики, 2018
This research analyzes the differences between municipal elections in large and medium-sized Russian cities (more than 100,000 citizens) and federal elections to representative bodies for the period from 2003 to 2018. The empirical evidence includes 210 municipal electoral campaigns in 119 cities and 4 federal legislative campaigns for comparison. We examine these differences using the notion of the party system nationalization, which is measured by comparing turnout and voting for political parties at different territorial levels in the same cities, and by party system inflation (with the use of the effective number of parties – an index that allows a comparison of election competitiveness at different administrative levels). Most of the cases are midterm municipal elections held separately between the federal campaigns. However, we draw special attention to the differences when federal and municipal campaigns overlap. The results showed some progress in the process of the nationalization of the Russian party system which is indicated by the rapprochement of the degree of competitiveness in the federal and municipal elections and, later, by the likeliness of electoral preferences at different territorial levels.
Working paper
Tykanova E. Working Papers of Centre for German and European Studies. Centre for German and European Studies, 2012. No. 9.
Under "contested spaces," which are to be protected by local communities, we mean “geographic locations where conflicts in the form of opposition, confrontation, subversion, and/or resistance engage actors whose social positions are defined by differential control of resources and access to power”1 . Advocacy groups in this case are the associations of people who defend their rights to and interests in some form of benefit. "Strong" advocacy groups, such as municipal governments and investors, are those who decide about urban planning and implement initiatives, whereas the "weak" are those who have to challenge these decisions through the representatives of local communities, NGOs, lobbyists, and the like.
Working paper
Elena R. Loubenets. quant-ph. arXiv. Cornell University, 2014. No. 1402.4023v1.
Working paper
Yastrebov G., Bessudnov A., Pinskaya М. et al. Sociology. SOC. Высшая школа экономики, 2014. No. 55.
This study focuses on how social contexts promote disparities in academic performance between Russian high schools. In particular, we investigate how a school’s average Unified State Examination (USE) scores in Russian and mathematics relate to the social composition of its student body, its material and human resources, and local deprivation. We develop a two-level hierarchical regression model to analyze data from school profiles collected in two Russian regions (Yaroslavskaya Oblast’ and Moskovskaya Oblast’) during the 2011-12 academic year. Both social characteristics of the student body and the school’s material and human resources were associated with academic performance. However, after controlling for the characteristics of pupils and schools, our study did not discover any significant independent effects of the local context. In conclusion, we discuss the implications of these findings with regard to developing contextualized measures of academic performance in Russia, the limitations of current research and suggest several possibilities for its empirical development.
Working paper
Fogelson Y. B. Law. LAW. Высшая школа экономики, 2013. No. WP BRP 23/LAW/2013.
This work is an attempt to offer to qualify contracts for the benefit of a third party not by the presence in the text of contract of a right of the third party to enforce the contract, but on the basis of the parties' intention to provide the benefit of a third party as a goal of the contract. The right of a third party to enforce the contract for receive this benefit will be derived from this qualification.
Working paper
Verbitsky M., Amerik E. math. arxive. Cornell University, 2019
We study the exceptional loci of birational (bimeromorphic) contractions of a hyperkähler manifold M. Such a contraction locus is the union of all minimal rational curves in a collection of cohomology classes which are orthogonal to a wall of the Kähler cone. Homology classes which can possibly be orthogonal to a wall of the Kähler cone of some deformation of M are called MBM classes. We prove that all MBM classes of type (1,1) can be represented by rational curves, called MBM curves. All MBM curves can be contracted on an appropriate birational model of M, unless b_2(M)≤5. When b_2(M)>5, this property can be used as an alternative definition of an MBM class and an MBM curve. Using the results of Bakker and Lehn, we prove that the diffeomorphism type of a contraction locus remains stable under all deformations for which these classes remains of type (1,1), unless the contracted variety has b2≤4. Moreover, these diffeomorphisms preserve the MBM curves, and induce biholomorphic maps on the contraction fibers, if they are normal.
Working paper
Savelyev A. Law. LAW. Высшая школа экономики, 2016
The paper analyzes legal issues associated with application of existing contract law provisions to  so-called Smart contracts, defined in the paper as “agreements existing in the form of software  code implemented on the Blockchain platform, which ensures autonomy and self-executive  nature of Smart contract terms based on predetermined set of factors”. The paper consists of  several sections. In the first section, the paper outlines peculiarities of Blockchain technology as  currently implemented in Bitcoin cryptocurrency and which forms the core of Smart contracts. In  the second section, the main characteristic features of Smart contracts are described. Finally, the  paper outlines key tensions between classic contract law and Smart contracts.. The conclusion  section sets the core question for analysis of the perspectives of implementation of this  technology by governments: “How to align the powers of the government with Blockchain if  there is no central authority but only distributed technologies”. The author suggests two  solutions, which are not optimal: 1) providing the state authorities with the status of a Superuser  with extra powers and 2) relying on traditional remedies and enforcement practices, by pursuing  specific individuals – parties to Smart contract - in offline mode. It is emphasized that those  jurisdictions, which have the most Blockchain-friendly regulations will have competitive  advantage in attraction of new innovative business models and companies willing to exploit  them in a legal way.
Working paper
Anna Panova. Economics/EC. WP BRP. Высшая школа экономики, 2014. No. 66.
The research success of a university requires efficient recruiting. The talents of candidates are unobservable for administrators, and so they delegate hiring to the faculty who have better knowledge of the job market. Since professors dislike putting their own employment at risk, faculty, especially less productive, have an incentive to hire less productive candidates to insure against getting fired themselves. I argue that both tenure and strict long-term administrative positions mitigate this problem, and allow one to hire better candidates.
We considered the control problem for wireless sensor networks with a single time server node and a large number of client nodes. The cost functional of this control problem accumulates clock synchronization errors in the clients nodes and the energy consumption of the server over some time interval $[0,T]$. For all possible parameter values we found the structure of optimal control function. It was proved that for any optimal solution $\widehat{R}\left(t\right)$ there exist a time moment $\tau,$ $0\leq\tau<T$, such that $\hat{u}(t)=0,$ $t\in[\tau,T]$, i.e., the sending messages at times close to $T$ is not optimal. We showed that for sufficiently large $u_{1}$ the optimal solutions contain singular arcs. We found conditions on the model parameters under which different types of the optimal control are realized.