Working paper
NATURAL SHOCKS AND MIGRATION DECISIONS: THE CASE OF KYRGYZSTAN
The paper is based on materials from two projects carried out by the Center for Migration Studies (CMS, Moscow), which have been realized with support from the UN Women: “Opportunities and Problems of Social Integration of Labor Migrants from Central Asian Countries in Russia” (the sample size is 400 respondents; the query regions are Moscow and St. Petersburg) and “Migrant Women from CIS Coun tries in Russia” (the sample size is 1169 respondents; the query regions are Moscow and Moscow oblast, Samara oblast, St. Petersburg and Leningrad oblast, and Krasnodar krai). The materials of two focus groups with migrant women from Central Asia in Russia, which were organized in 2010, have also been used.
This working paper was prepared by the Russian International Affairs Council (RIAC) in cooperation with the National Institute of Strategic Studies (NISS) of the Kyrgyz Republic as a part of the "International migration: trends, challenges and prospects" project. The working paper analyzes the main trends in migration in the Kyrgyz Republic in the context of its entry into the Eurasian Economic Union. The paper explores the main trends in migration policy in Russia and Kyrgyzstan, the causes of emigration from the KR to Russia, the accommodations of Kyrgyz labor migrants in Russia, new conditions emerging with the entry of the Kyrgyz Republic into the EEU. The authors of the Working paper offer their vision of likely migration scenarios and their recommendations for more favorables migration regimes in country the the migrants' origin and for the host country.
This article addresses reforms that took place in Kyrgyzstan within last two decades and provides a comprehensive description of changes that were enforced under the rule of Askar Akayev, the first president of independent Kyrgyzstan. The focal points of the article include specifics of transformation of the national constitutional system, achievements of the Kyrgyz judicial reform, the unique courts of aksakals that play an important role in administration of justice.
This study investigates the puzzle of zero-debt in emerging markets using a sample of firms from Eastern Europe during 2000-2013. The results of this paper are in line with the previous research of firms from developed markets. Firms that are financially constrained do not use debt as a result of credit rationing while financially unconstrained firms intentionally eschew debt to maintain financial flexibility and avoid underinvestment incentives. Furthermore, this study provides new insights into unconstrained firms’ performance during different economic situations. Firms that strategically avoid debt show better financial results than levered firms.
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The chapter contains a review of labour migration trends and migration policies in the area of the Commonwealth of independend states.
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Smoking is a problem, bringing signifi cant social and economic costs to Russiansociety. However, ratifi cation of the World health organization Framework conventionon tobacco control makes it possible to improve Russian legislation accordingto the international standards. So, I describe some measures that should be taken bythe Russian authorities in the nearest future, and I examine their effi ciency. By studyingthe international evidence I analyze the impact of the smoke-free areas, advertisementand sponsorship bans, tax increases, etc. on the prevalence of smoking, cigaretteconsumption and some other indicators. I also investigate the obstacles confrontingthe Russian authorities when they introduce new policy measures and the public attitudetowards these measures. I conclude that there is a number of easy-to-implementanti-smoking activities that need no fi nancial resources but only a political will.
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