Working paper
Где бюджетнику жить хорошо? Анализ межсекторных различий в оплате труда в регионах России
There was analyzed the disjuncture in salary in the Republic of Kazakhstan taking into account trans-regional aspect. There were revealed regions with high and low level of salary. Economically successful export-oriented oil regions and the biggest cities, which are considered financial and business centers of the country, were included in the first group; the second group mainly includes regions, having agricultural orientation. There is defined the fact that the highest salary in the Republic exceeds the lowest one in 2.7, that is not ultimate in comparison with the same figure of the developed countries of the world. On the base of the data of household investigation, which was held by the Statistics Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan with a help of modified function of earnings, there was defined the figure of the spread to earnings of residents of urban and country-side areas, which is 30%. Regions of Kazakhstan were classified according to poverty datum line. There were defined regions with low, average and high poverty level. In the given groups with a help of regression analysis there is defined the education productivity, which is higher in regions with lower poverty level.
This study provides an analysis of systemic opposition in Russia and its regions. The main aim of the chapter is to examine the opposition from a new perspective which sees it not as an alternative to, but as an integral part of the system and even as a support element of the regime. We call the opposition systemic not because it does not have any ideas about how to change the system. In terms of ideology almost any opposition can be pretty anti-systemic. In other words ideological division is not a valid reason to differentiate the systemic opposition from the non-systemic opposition. The systemic opposition in contrast to the non-systemic opposition, is accommodated within the existing system. The opposition itself is a very controversial term and classic “power – opposition” divide in the Russia’s regime is a misleading analytical framework. In fact all of the registered parties are part of one political system with their roles and functions giving this system extra stability. In my opinion they should be considered as non-dominant actors with a limited access to power. I suppose that the analysis of opposition in Russia is more relevant in terms of non-dominant systemic actors while the notion of opposition may be senseless. All major parties have their relations with the authorities and try to bargain for more favourable conditions and positions in power. Rational strategy prevails for all non-dominant actors who combine oppositional electoral behaviour with political opportunism and collaborationism. The political system as a whole remains stable and reproductive since it allows the conversion of public discontent into the consolidation of political actors.
In this paper the public-private wage gap is estimated by means both of the OLS and the quantile regression, which will provide a more complex picture of the distribution of the public-private sector wage gap. The author finds the existence of significant public-private wage gap (about 30%) considering both observable and unobservable characteristics of workers and jobs. Using the decomposition based on quantile regression helps to answer the question about the nature of the wage differences. The author comes to the conclusion that the main reason for the gap is the institutional mechanisms of public sector wages in Russia. The analysis is based on the data from Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS-HSE) 2000-2010.
The article considers socio-economic status of young people in the Russian labor market on the basis of analysis of the pooled cross-sectional data on real wages of young workers from 2000 to 2013, which is compared with wages of adult workers (of 30 years of age and older). This research is the first one to present analysis of economic status of youth on the basis of microdata array of the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS-HSE) comparable with the data from the Rosstat. The author reviews the gap between youth wages and those of adult workers, including by the level of education, employment sector, professional qualification and gender. Mincer wage equation is estimated separately for adult and young workers, by applying the method of least squares using Heckman’s procedure. The performed analysis showed that for the period under review the relative economic status of the youth has improved significantly: adult-young wage gap decreased by 13 percent, earnings of youth and adult workers equaled, youth wages grew faster than wages of workers of older cohorts. Nevertheless, there still is an adult-young wage gap for workers with higher education. Adult workers earn higher wages at the workplaces that require tenure (education, public sector), as well as at the high skilled jobs that require both tenure and higher education. On the contrary, at low-skilled jobs, where work experience is irrelevant, young workers earnings are higher.
Smoking is a problem, bringing signifi cant social and economic costs to Russiansociety. However, ratifi cation of the World health organization Framework conventionon tobacco control makes it possible to improve Russian legislation accordingto the international standards. So, I describe some measures that should be taken bythe Russian authorities in the nearest future, and I examine their effi ciency. By studyingthe international evidence I analyze the impact of the smoke-free areas, advertisementand sponsorship bans, tax increases, etc. on the prevalence of smoking, cigaretteconsumption and some other indicators. I also investigate the obstacles confrontingthe Russian authorities when they introduce new policy measures and the public attitudetowards these measures. I conclude that there is a number of easy-to-implementanti-smoking activities that need no fi nancial resources but only a political will.
One of the most important indicators of company's success is the increase of its value. The article investigates traditional methods of company's value assessment and the evidence that the application of these methods is incorrect in the new stage of economy. So it is necessary to create a new method of valuation based on the new main sources of company's success that is its intellectual capital.