Textbook is dedicated to the theoretical and practical aspects of the relations the government and business. It describes the theoretical base of these relations. The textbook specifies its peculiarities in such fields as investment, system of government purchases, analyses the aspect of the social responsibilities. It is stated the theoretical fundamentals of the adaptation of the economy and its subjects to the economic cycles. This textbook is designed for the bachelors, studying in the directions of “Economics”, for masters of the different specializations, for professors.