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Модернизация России: условия, предпосылки, шансы. Сборник статей и материалов. Выпуск 2.
The article investigates the problems of low life expectancy and high death rates in the regions of Siberian Federal District, as the barriers for the modern social modernization, basing on a comparative analysis of national averages, as well as in dynamics. By analyzing the data of Russian Center of Statistics and representative public opinion polls for the program “Socio-cultural evolution of Russia” of The Center for the Study of socio-cultural changes of the Institute of Philosophy of Russian Academy of Science the authors consider specific factors that explain the gap in life expectancy between the regions of Siberian Federal District and Russia as a whole. It is revealed that the main reasons for the lag of Siberia in life expectancy from Russian average are the factors of mortality from avoidable causes like tuberculosis, external causes (especially in men), for instance, coronary heart disease at a relatively young age. Currently, low life expectancy of the population in the regions of Siberian Federal District and especially high mortality of capable population prevent the accumulation of the demographic potential, being a major barrier for social modernization of Siberia. In this case, not only low life expectancy is the barrier, but mostly socio-economic conditions, preserving it at this level and affecting both the low birth rate and migration unattractiveness of the region.
Smoking is a problem, bringing signifi cant social and economic costs to Russiansociety. However, ratifi cation of the World health organization Framework conventionon tobacco control makes it possible to improve Russian legislation accordingto the international standards. So, I describe some measures that should be taken bythe Russian authorities in the nearest future, and I examine their effi ciency. By studyingthe international evidence I analyze the impact of the smoke-free areas, advertisementand sponsorship bans, tax increases, etc. on the prevalence of smoking, cigaretteconsumption and some other indicators. I also investigate the obstacles confrontingthe Russian authorities when they introduce new policy measures and the public attitudetowards these measures. I conclude that there is a number of easy-to-implementanti-smoking activities that need no fi nancial resources but only a political will.
One of the most important indicators of company's success is the increase of its value. The article investigates traditional methods of company's value assessment and the evidence that the application of these methods is incorrect in the new stage of economy. So it is necessary to create a new method of valuation based on the new main sources of company's success that is its intellectual capital.