Book
Smart Technologies» for Society, State and Economy (Book series: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems (LNNS) ; vol. 155) [on-line: 16.10.2020].
This proceedings book presents a comprehensive view of “smart” technologies and perspectives of their application in various areas of economic activity. The authors of the book combined the results of the cutting-edge research on the topic of “smart” technologies in the digital economy and Industry 4.0 and developed a unified scientific concept. The current experience has been considered, and the prospects for the application of “smart” technologies in society to promote social advance have been identified. “Smart” technologies in public administration and law, as well as the experience in development of e-government, have been examined. “Smart” technologies in business activity have been studied, and the transition from digital business to business 4.0 has been justified.
The book contains the collection of the best works following the results of the 13th International Research-to-Practice Conference “Smart Technologies” for society, state and economy which was run by the Institute of Scientific Communications (ISC) and was held on July 2–3, 2020. The target audience of this book includes researchers investigating fundamental and applied problems of development of “smart” technologies, as well as concerned parties outside the academic community, in particular, representatives of the digital society, high-tech business entities and officials regulating the digital economy and Industry 4.0.
This article is based on several years of practical legal advice provided to entities issuing and administering cryptocurrencies, mostly domiciled in Switzerland but active worldwide. It observes that new legal instruments and concepts are not necessary to correctly and efficiently deal with cryptocurrencies and smart contracts as regards issues of private law (contractual aspects, corporate structures); in contrast, some questions of administrative law may require decisions or clarifications of the legislator. The article emphasizes that the provision of legal advise benefits from a good understanding of the technical realities as well as of the philosophical approaches that motivate promoters of cryptocurrencies, including those that are critical of monetary policies followed by central banks. The practical advantage of cryptocurrencies is their purpose as a tool for implementing so-called “smart contracts”. A smart contract is a consistent programming method that allows a transaction to be executed automatically. In legal systems, cryptocurrencies are not difficult to understand the handling of cryptocurrencies and «smart contracts». Payment in cryptocurrency is legally valid. The importance of digitalization for the modern economy cannot be overestimated. Most companies around the world are digitizing what they do. New digital assets are generated daily: innovative applications are being created and existing competencies are being improved. The totality of various measures for digitalization affects the evolutionary development of the world economy as a whole. Therefore, the most discussed topic in the field of digital technologies is the rapid spread of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technologies. Cryptocurrency is included in the system of everyday use at the user level as a means of ensuring payment transactions, a means of accumulation and financial speculation. Since the appearance of the cryptocurrency, the question is legitimate: whether it should be banned or not and what its nature is. However, due to the novelty of the cryptocurrency, the ambiguity of its legal and economic essence, various practices have developed to determine the legal status of the cryptocurrency, while in most subjects of international law, legislation has not regulated this phenomenon. The purpose of this study was to solve several problems: knowledge of the history of the development of cryptocurrencies; definition of the concept of «cryptocurrency»; determination of the legal status of cryptocurrencies in developed foreign countries; comparative legal analysis of the cryptocurrency market in a number of States; detection of features of bitcoin distribution in developed countries; analysis of the practice of legalizing bitcoin in foreign countries.
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In article features of non-uniform knowledge are considered, and the hypothesis of location on their structure is offered. This hypothesis allows to express work of the corresponding mechanism of a logic conclusion in the verbal form.
The volume is dedicated to Boris Mirkin on the occasion of his 70th birthday. In addition to his startling PhD results in abstract automata theory, Mirkin’s ground breaking contributions in various fields of decision making and data analysis have marked the fourth quarter of the 20th century and beyond. Mirkin has done pioneering work in group choice, clustering, data mining and knowledge discovery aimed at finding and describing non-trivial or hidden structures—first of all, clusters, orderings, and hierarchies—in multivariate and/or network data.
This volume contains a collection of papers reflecting recent developments rooted in Mirkin's fundamental contribution to the state-of-the-art in group choice, ordering, clustering, data mining, and knowledge discovery. Researchers, students, and software engineers will benefit from new knowledge discovery techniques and application directions.
The article describes the main characterist of the scientific direction " artificial intelligens" and considered them the values that define this research area. Some ways to clarifi and formalise the bounderias of scientific research directions are suggested. Formulated conclusions, which, according to the authors, restrict the flow of scientific research in this direction.
A new computer architecture named object-attribute is offered in the article. Computer of the architecture have all necessary properties for Artificial Intelligence: abstraction of data and program, height concurrency, isomorphism of data and program (i.e. possibility of painless changing of program and data structures), training and self-training of computer system, dataflow, integration of data and program, generation of object description from simple description to complex description, implementation of distribute computer system.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th Industrial Conference on Data Mining, ICDM 2012, held in Berlin, Germany in July 2012. The 22 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 97 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on data mining in medicine and biology; data mining for energy industry; data mining in traffic and logistic; data mining in telecommunication; data mining in engineering; theory in data mining; theory in data mining: clustering; theory in data mining: association rule mining and decision rule mining.
The article is devoted to a particular form of freedom of assembly — the right to counter-demonstrate. The author underlines the value of this right as an element of democratic society, but also acknowledges the risk of violent actions among participants of opposing demonstrations. Due to this risk, the government may adopt adequate measures restricting the right to counter-demonstrate, certain types of which are analyzed in this paper.
Development of standards of international controllability is reviewed in the article. Institutional approach is applied to development of international legal regime of Energy Charter. Definition of controllability is connected to development of international standards of dispute settlement, which are described in the article in detail. In connection with controllability, Russian interest, defense of investment in European Union and ecological investment encouragement, is reviewed in the article.
мировое управление и управляемость, Мировая экономика, международное экономическое право, энергетическая хартия, International control and controllability, International economics, international economic law, Energy Charter
международное частное право; недвижимость; ; школа бартолистов; бартолисты; теория статутов; статуарная теория/