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Управление запасами: многофакторная оптимизация процесса поставок: учебник для академического бакалавриата
It is developed and presented an approach to inventory management EOQ-model optimization in this paper taking into the deferrals provided for the order cost payments. They summarize the results for the traditional EOQ-models taking into account the deferrals of payments which relate to payment of the batch of goods, with the payment of storage costs, and of the delivery costs payment. Presented modifications of EOQ-formulas will allow for managers to while considering the above features also to take into account he specificity costs of storage charging, in the form of rent, and for the used place on stock, to improve the decisions on the organization of the supply chain quality.
The article presents a special modification of the EOQ-formula for a diversified EOQ-model of inventory management with account to specifics of lot deliveries. It will allow managers to determine the optimal parameters of the inventory management strategy if it is required to take into account the following features: 1) the possibility of order payment deferral; 2) time value of money at cashflow modelling 3) incomes specifics, when the proceeds come with a delay 4) specificity of storage costs payment (in form of rent or by the occupied storage space). In addition, the article specifies some options related to the possibility of using such a formula if it is necessary to additionally take into account: a) the restriction on the allowable length of the delay in payment of goods, so that the point of receipt of the proceeds did not exceed the corresponding reorder interval duration (on average); b) the vehicle capacity. The presented research materials on optimization of supplies will allow managers to estimate the effect of permissible delays in order payments, delays in receipt of proceeds, and the factor of vehicle capacity on the parameters of the optimal strategy of inventory management. The procedures of EOQ formula modification for inventory management systems are performed in relation to interesting and business-relevant models of this type that correspond to efficient deliveries, where these delays allow to make order payments from revenue at reordering intervals.
Supply Chain Management in modern conditions requires close integration of business processes of transport companies and information technology. We know that today there are a large number of applications and information systems for the automation of logistics activities. Currently there is no complete and consistent classification of software products of the Transportation Management System (TMS). Their diversity is relevant in the context of the fourth industrial revolution ("Industry 4.0"). It's difficult to navigate existing and emerging information systems and choose the most appropriate. The most important class TMS products are designed to plan, organize, and account for the operation of the vehicle fleet. However, their practical use is often ineffective for several reasons. One of the common problems in the implementation of the information system is the lack of or inadequate investigation of all operating activities of the enterprise and its strategic position in the market, the analysis of information flows, evaluation of employees of business roles, mechanism of decision-making. The reason for this is the lack of logistics management competencies in the field of information technology, and on the other hand, often poor understanding of IT-managers of the transport processes. Therefore, a practical approach synchronization strategic goals, objectives, business processes, supply chain management with business logic implemented information system. The paper discusses the use of proper Zachman enterprise architecture framework as this approach. This proper framework is simple enough to understand, and is known for a long time in the IT industry. Therefore, its use in the development of the information supply chain management system in practice, it seems appropriate for small and medium-sized freight enterprises. It is known that the business processes of all transport companies in general are often very similar. However, in practice often requires a flexible adaptation of the information system for each of them.
The authors propose new approach to self-organization of complex distributed systems in logistics. That approach is based on combination of multi-agent paradigm with constraint satisfaction techniques. The proposed solution expresses major features of Swarm Intelligence approach and replaces traditional stochastic adaptation of the swarm of the autonomous agents by constraint-driven adaptation.
The paper examines the structure, governance, and balance sheets of state-controlled banks in Russia, which accounted for over 55 percent of the total assets in the country's banking system in early 2012. The author offers a credible estimate of the size of the country's state banking sector by including banks that are indirectly owned by public organizations. Contrary to some predictions based on the theoretical literature on economic transition, he explains the relatively high profitability and efficiency of Russian state-controlled banks by pointing to their competitive position in such functions as acquisition and disposal of assets on behalf of the government. Also suggested in the paper is a different way of looking at market concentration in Russia (by consolidating the market shares of core state-controlled banks), which produces a picture of a more concentrated market than officially reported. Lastly, one of the author's interesting conclusions is that China provides a better benchmark than the formerly centrally planned economies of Central and Eastern Europe by which to assess the viability of state ownership of banks in Russia and to evaluate the country's banking sector.
The paper examines the principles for the supervision of financial conglomerates proposed by BCBS in the consultative document published in December 2011. Moreover, the article proposes a number of suggestions worked out by the authors within the HSE research team.
We address the external effects on public sector efficiency measures acquired using Data Envelopment Analysis. We use the health care system in Russian regions in 2011 to evaluate modern approaches to accounting for external effects. We propose a promising method of correcting DEA efficiency measures. Despite the multiple advantages DEA offers, the usage of this approach carries with it a number of methodological difficulties. Accounting for multiple factors of efficiency calls for more complex methods, among which the most promising are DMU clustering and calculating local production possibility frontiers. Using regression models for estimate correction requires further study due to possible systematic errors during estimation. A mixture of data correction and DMU clustering together with multi-stage DEA seems most promising at the moment. Analyzing several stages of transforming society’s resources into social welfare will allow for picking out the weak points in a state agency’s work.