Article
Являются ли кластеры эффективными для развития промышленных предприятий в странах с бывшей плановой экономикой?
Albeit being a trending topic in the world’s research literature, clusters have not been
fully explored in the case of former planned economies with their specific peculiarities.
In particular, there is little empirical research on Russian clusters. Therefore, the history
of the formation and the conditions for the functioning of clusters in these countries have
their own specific features. A study of Russian clusters allows us to compare their results
with similar data for other countries, which indicate the presence of a positive effect
for enterprises from working in a cluster, although not in all cases. The paper examines
the effect of operating as part of a cluster for industrial enterprises in Russia. The main
method of study is regression analysis of the production function with the binary variable
‘Cluster’. The targets of the study are industrial enterprises in 15 clusters in Russia that
receive support from government programs. The reference group included businesses
that are similar to those in the study group in terms of specialization and number of
employees and are located in Russian regions with no clusters. Enterprises for the control
group were selected according to the similarity of the type of economic activity and
the size of the enterprise. In total, data were collected on the results of 368 enterprises,
for the period from 2006 to 2015. Data was used as panel data.Financial and economic
indicators for industrial enterprises were retrieved from the Ruslana database. Therefore,
the results enable us to conclude, that in Russia in considered industrial sectors, in
general, businesses, located in clusters, are more efficient, than ones outside clusters, but
the degree of such efficiency is not high. These results do not completely correlate with
foreign ones, where the researcher usually notes more pronounced effects.
In this work has been systematized theoretical foundations of economic benefit and efficiency, was investigated the nature of the efficiency for sustainable enterprise development, was highlighted economic benefits and the essence of the economic effect, summarized the existing performance indicators, was represented a set of means and methods to ensure cost-effectiveness for the sustainable enterprise development.
This article examines trends in internal corporate social policy for young people. On materials of the case studies of three industrial engineering industries and oil deals with questions about which companies decide to target the youth through social policy and what tools to use.
The author researches the issues of usage of economical and statistical indices of functioning of special economical zones. The combination of economical approach with technocratic favors the creation of complex method of assessment of usefulness and efficiency of innovations, their screening, distribution of limited resources and also presupposes formation of wide applied aspect.
The paper examines the structure, governance, and balance sheets of state-controlled banks in Russia, which accounted for over 55 percent of the total assets in the country's banking system in early 2012. The author offers a credible estimate of the size of the country's state banking sector by including banks that are indirectly owned by public organizations. Contrary to some predictions based on the theoretical literature on economic transition, he explains the relatively high profitability and efficiency of Russian state-controlled banks by pointing to their competitive position in such functions as acquisition and disposal of assets on behalf of the government. Also suggested in the paper is a different way of looking at market concentration in Russia (by consolidating the market shares of core state-controlled banks), which produces a picture of a more concentrated market than officially reported. Lastly, one of the author's interesting conclusions is that China provides a better benchmark than the formerly centrally planned economies of Central and Eastern Europe by which to assess the viability of state ownership of banks in Russia and to evaluate the country's banking sector.
The paper examines the principles for the supervision of financial conglomerates proposed by BCBS in the consultative document published in December 2011. Moreover, the article proposes a number of suggestions worked out by the authors within the HSE research team.