Article
The Study of Professionalization Levels in ESAP Learning: Cognitive Metaphor Model Analysis
This research studies professional and non-professional levels of academic discourse by analyzing cognitive metaphor models in the English written texts produced by Russian students with different competence in economics. The results of comparative analysis of specific features in metaphor models in two types of academic discourses – professional and non-professional – reveal the difference how students at different levels of study develop their professional competence in their core curriculum disciplines. At an early stage students predominantly use external associations in metaphors, and at a later stage – internal/personal verbal associations. The research results might be significant for more targeted identification of ESAP content.
Nowadays great attention is paid both to knowledge reproduction-reception mechanisms, and technologies of relevant knowledge transferring. Relating to this, academic discourse research and discourse strategies of scientific knowledge transferring are in the focus of special attention. As far as English written academic discourse in Economics is underestimated in the process of studying, this research is of great timeliness. Discourse markers (DMs) play an important role in the process of text generation, in providing discourse grammar and sense integrity and optimization in transferring information from addresser to addressee. But beyond modern research are the aspects of DMs functioning depending on the level of students' professional and communicative competencies. The article focuses on special features of discourse markers in academic discourse in Economics. It is based on English written texts produced by Russian students majoring in Economics with different competence. The main objective is to reveal the difference of discourse markers functioning in terms of the level of students' foreign language professional competence. The authors succeeded in extending the DMs classification. Qualitative and quantitative analysis revealed the peculiarities in DMs functioning in academic discourse in Economics. The prevailing DMs are those which introduce new or additional information, taking the leading position in professional discourse in comparison with nonprofessional one. The second and the third positions in both discourses belong to the contrastive DMs and MDs of author's assessment. However, the qualitative analysis revealed that written texts of professional discourse highlighted the tendency of using DMs of different groups. It can be explained by students' high level of professional skills and, thus, by their ability to transfer scientific knowledge (by their high communicative competence). The peculiarity of DMs functioning in nonprofessional discourse is the occurrence of the same marker or monotony in using markers in one written text. It can be explained by the lack of the ability to use the cognitive-communicative strategy in transferring economic knowledge effectively. The research allows to substantially specify the understanding of creating and transferring the special knowledge process in English by non-natives. Moreover, it enables us to expand the understanding of academic discourse in a special sphere. The developed data can be the basis for differentiating of academic discourse, heterogeneous in its learning. DMs functioning regularities in terms of the level of foreign language professional competence are identified. Also, the prospects for further research in the sphere of DMs in academic discourse functioning are determined.
The article is devoted to the specificity of metaphorical modeling of personological knowledge in scientific linguistic articles by M. Black and J. Searle. The analysis is aimed at identification of common and distinctive domains of metaphorical shift in scientific linguistic texts and their comparison with the dominant ones typical of the linguistic discourse. Our metaphorical models building revealed that personological knowledge, that is a unique personal vision of respective linguistic objects, is presented in M. Black’s article by the models (ideas) of Visible-Invisible, Creativity, Riddle, Relationship, Impact, System and Power and in J. Searle’s article – by these of Sight. The most productive metaphorical models triggering sense development of the conceptions are found in the hypothetic subtext of the scientific articles written by M. Black and J. Searle.
Period of training in a higher school is a threshold on the professional life way, therefore, it reflects the willingness to vigorously respond to all the vicissitudes of life and desire for constant self-improvement. Data collection is produced at the Higher School of Economics, Department of Management. We assumed that students with high levels of emotional intelligence must have a high rank.
This article is devoted to a problem of development of modern German discourse of advertising. Properly selected linguistic means allow for success of the advertising texts. Today it is more important to put emphasis on the creation of the ideal image of the consumer rather than demonstrate the value of the product to the customer. So the structure and components of modern advertising texts differ from the text of the end of the twenties century. Presently the slogan is the most important and long-term part of the modern advertisement. It transfers the essential meaning of the whole message. Consequently, the creation of a slogan requires specific linguistic methods.
The book is a study of the academic public presentation and its prosodic aspect.
The article deals with using metaphor modeling in comparative studies of metaphorization in different discourse types. The comparative analysis is carried out in different types of medical discourse (scientific, popular, nonprofessional) and different forms of language representation (text and associative field) in the Russian, English and German languages.
The paper is focused on the study of reaction of italian literature critics on the publication of the Boris Pasternak's novel "Doctor Jivago". The analysys of the book ""Doctor Jivago", Pasternak, 1958, Italy" (published in Russian language in "Reka vremen", 2012, in Moscow) is given. The papers of italian writers, critics and historians of literature, who reacted immediately upon the publication of the novel (A. Moravia, I. Calvino, F.Fortini, C. Cassola, C. Salinari ecc.) are studied and analised.
In the article the patterns of the realization of emotional utterances in dialogic and monologic speech are described. The author pays special attention to the characteristic features of the speech of a speaker feeling psychic tension and to the compositional-pragmatic peculiarities of dialogic and monologic text.