?
Graphene-Based Photonics and Plasmonics
The optical properties of graphene-based structures are discissed. The universal optical absorption in graphene is reviewed. The photonic band structure and transmission of graphene-based photonic crystals are considered. The spectra of plasmon and magnetoplasmon excitations in graphene layers and grapehene nanoribbons (GNR) are analyzed. The localization of the electromagnetic waves in the photonic crystals with defects, which play a role of waveguide, is studied. Properties of plasmons and magnetoplasmons in graphene layers and GNR are reviewed. The surface plasmon amplification by stimulated emission of radiation with the net amplification of surface plasmons in the doped GNR is described. The minimal population inversion per unit area needed for the net amplification of plasmons in a doped GNR is reported. The various applications of graphene for photonics and optoelectronics are reviewed. The tunability of photonic and plasmonic properties of various graphene structures by doping achieved by applying the gate voltage is discussed.